A new study by Common Sense Media finds that 72% of U.S. teens aged 13–17 have engaged with AI companion tools—like Replika, Character.AI, and Nomi—for mental health and emotional support, a significant rise from previous years. Around 52% report using these tools at least a few times each month, with 13% interacting daily.
These AI companions are designed to simulate friendships or even romantic relationships, offering teens constant, judgment-free dialogue. For some, AI becomes a rehearsal space for real-world conversations, helping them practice conflict resolution, emotional expression, and even flirting. A striking one-third of teens say they’ve brought up serious personal issues—ranging from stress and loneliness to romantic concerns—with an AI rather than a human.
While teens report that interacting with AI can alleviate loneliness and bolster self-confidence, researchers caution the effects are complex. Studies show short-term relief is possible—but over longer periods, dependency or withdrawal from human connections may intensify. Likewise, compassion-driven replies can improve mental wellness—for example, platforms offering cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) show promise—but AI cannot fully replicate emotional nuance or the therapeutic relationship found in human therapy.
Yet the survey highlighted concerning issues: 34% of teen users reported experiencing discomfort from inappropriate or unsettling AI responses. Additional worries include exposure to harmful advice—there are documented cases where AI chatbots have suggested self-harm or violence.
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Privacy remains a major concern. Nearly a quarter of teens admitted sharing personal details—like real names or locations—with AI companions. The opacity of data-handling practices raises serious issues about how teen conversations might be stored or monetized. Common Sense Media recommends stricter age verification, improved moderation of AI to filter harmful content, and broader education in AI literacy.
Experts stress that AI companions should be seen as supplements—not substitutes—for professional mental health care. Traditional therapy can address complex issues with empathy and relational depth that AI currently lacks. A balanced, hybrid approach—combining AI for basic emotional check-ins and human care for deeper support—may be optimal. Legal initiatives are underway: legislation in California and New York would regulate or restrict AI companion use among minors and mandate oversight of harmful or addictive features.
As Gen Z increasingly leans on AI for emotional reassurance, demand grows for transparent AI practices, protective policies, and guiding frameworks. Developers are being called on to implement ethical design standards that include age verification and content moderation while ensuring that users are promptly guided toward professional help when needed. At the same time, promoting AI literacy among teens, parents, and educators is essential to help them understand the strengths and limitations of these tools.
Investing in long-term research is also critical to tracking how AI affects teen mental health, social development, and real-world relationships. A model that blends conversational AI with traditional mental health care may offer a promising path—one that recognizes the accessibility and immediacy of AI without losing the irreplaceable value of human connection.
The popularity of AI companions among teenagers underscores both their potential to help fill mental health gaps and the urgent need for safeguards. Continued study, policy development, and collaboration between tech companies, educators, mental health professionals, and lawmakers will be crucial to harness AI’s benefits responsibly.